The Effect of Nurses’ Role in Early Screening on the Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases in Adamawa State
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Background of the Study
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are among the leading causes of death worldwide, and early detection is key to prevention and management. Screening for risk factors such as hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and high cholesterol can help in identifying individuals at risk and implementing timely interventions. Nurses play a critical role in early screening through patient education, health assessments, and referrals for further medical evaluation.
In Adamawa State, where healthcare access is often limited, nurses are at the frontline of primary healthcare services. They are responsible for conducting routine screenings, identifying at-risk individuals, and promoting lifestyle modifications to prevent CVDs. However, factors such as inadequate training, lack of screening tools, and poor health-seeking behavior among the population may hinder effective screening programs.
Understanding the impact of nurses’ role in early screening on CVD prevention will provide insights into strengthening community health programs and improving patient outcomes in Adamawa State.
Statement of the Problem
Despite the growing burden of cardiovascular diseases in Nigeria, early screening remains underutilized in many regions, including Adamawa State. Many individuals at risk of CVDs remain undiagnosed due to limited access to healthcare, lack of awareness, and inadequate screening programs. Nurses, who serve as primary healthcare providers, are in a strategic position to conduct early screenings and initiate preventive measures.
However, challenges such as insufficient training in cardiovascular risk assessment, lack of standardized screening protocols, and low community participation may limit the effectiveness of nurses in early detection. Evaluating the role of nurses in CVD screening will help identify gaps and develop strategies to enhance early detection and prevention efforts.
Objectives of the Study
- To assess the extent of nurses’ involvement in early screening for cardiovascular diseases in Adamawa State.
- To examine the impact of nurses’ screening efforts on the early detection and prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
- To identify challenges affecting nurses' ability to conduct effective CVD screening.
Research Questions
- To what extent are nurses involved in early screening for cardiovascular diseases in Adamawa State?
- How does early screening by nurses impact the prevention of cardiovascular diseases?
- What are the challenges faced by nurses in conducting early CVD screening?
Research Hypotheses
- Nurses’ active involvement in early screening significantly improves early detection rates of cardiovascular diseases.
- There is a positive relationship between early screening by nurses and the reduction of cardiovascular disease prevalence.
- Limited resources and inadequate training hinder the effectiveness of nurses in early screening programs.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on nurses working in healthcare facilities across Adamawa State and their role in early screening for cardiovascular diseases. It will assess their screening practices, effectiveness in early detection, and the challenges they face. Limitations may include differences in screening approaches across healthcare centers and possible underreporting of screening activities.
Definitions of Terms
- Early Screening: The process of identifying individuals at risk of cardiovascular diseases before symptoms develop.
- Cardiovascular Disease (CVD): A group of disorders affecting the heart and blood vessels, including hypertension, stroke, and coronary artery disease.
- Primary Healthcare Nurses: Nurses working at the frontline of healthcare services, responsible for initial patient assessments and health education.
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